A familiar story about mid-twentieth-century American psychology tells of the abandonment of behaviorism for cognitive science. Between these two, however, lay a scientific borderland, muddy and much traveled. This essay relocates the origins of the Chomskyan program in linguistics there. Following his introduction of transformational generative grammar, Noam Chomsky (b. 1928) mounted a highly publicized attack on behaviorist psychology. Yet when he first developed that approach to grammar, he was a defender of behaviorism. His antibehaviorism emerged only in the course of what became a systematic repudiation of the work of the Cornell linguist C. F. Hockett (1916-2000). In the name of the positivist Unity of Science movement, Hockett had synthesized an approach to grammar based on statistical communication theory; a behaviorist view of language acquisition in children as a process of association and analogy; and an interest in uncovering the Darwinian origins of language. In criticizing Hockett on grammar, Chomsky came to engage gradually and critically with the whole Hockettian synthesis. Situating Chomsky thus within his own disciplinary matrix suggests lessons for students of disciplinary politics generally andfamously with Chomskythe place of political discipline within a scientific life.
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机译：关于二十世纪中叶美国心理学的一个熟悉的故事讲述了行为主义被认知科学所抛弃。然而，这两者之间是一片科学的边界，泥泞不堪，人迹罕至。本文将Chomskyan程序的起源重新定位于该语言学领域。引入转化生成语法后，诺姆·乔姆斯基（Noam Chomsky，生于1928年）对行为主义心理学进行了广泛宣传。然而，当他第一次开发这种语法方法时，他是行为主义的捍卫者。他的反行为主义只是在对康奈尔语言学家霍基特（C. F. Hockett）（1916-2000）的工作进行系统性否定的过程中出现的。霍克特以实证主义者科学运动的统一的名义，综合了一种基于统计传播理论的语法方法。以行为主义的方式将儿童的语言习得视为一种联想和类比的过程;并且有兴趣发现达尔文的语言渊源。在批评Hockett的语法时，乔姆斯基逐渐地，批判地参与了整个Hockettian的综合。因此，将乔姆斯基置于自己的学科矩阵之内，可以为学科政治学的学生提供一般的课程，而著名的是乔姆斯基在科学生活中政治学科的地位。
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