Comparative uptake of hexachlorobenzene by fathead minnows, amphipods and oligochaete worms from water and sediment

摘要

AbstractFathead minnows (Pimephales promelas), the wormLumbriculus variegatusand the amphipodHyalella aztecawere exposed in static tests to hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in water with and without HCB‒spiked sediment to evaluate the relative importance of water and sediment as routes of uptake. The concentration of HCB in water was maintained by passing air saturated with HCB vapor through the test vessels. The presence of HCB‒spiked sediment did not result in a significant increase in bioconcentration factor in two tests withH. azteca. The presence of HCB‒spiked sediment did significantly increase the bioconcentration factor in two tests with fathead minnows and in one of three tests withL. variegatus. The gas phase transfer method was efficient at maintaining a reasonably constant concentration of HCB in water. However, complete control of the aqueous phase activity of HCB through gas phase transfer was not achieved because of the source/sink capacity of the sediment, organisms and