Molecular Constants and Chemical Theories III. Bond Moments of Higher Valence States

摘要

In continuation of Part I and Part II of this paper, bond moments are calculated for such molecules as are formed by a marked central atom in a higher state of valency. Again the classical structures are taken as a basis. The bond moments are additive in the same molecule and unchanged from molecule to molecule as long as the multiplicity of the bond and the state of valency of either atom remain the same. This treatment on the basis of classical formulae makes possible the simple and straightforward calculation of the total moments of a considerable number of molecules formed by pentavalent nitrogen (azoxybenzenes,Nhyphen;ethers of nitrobenzophenoneoximes), for which no other such calculation has been possible so far. Observable facts of dipole measurements, therefore, are at least as well represented by the classical structures and their underlying concepts, as by any other theory of the covalent bond. Hence, dipole moments do not provide any evidence of the existence of such linkages as a semipolar double bond or its wavehyphen;mechanical equivalent, i.e., enhanced resonance with ionic parent structures.