Urologic aspects of renal transplantation

摘要

Several aspects of current urological practice have had a significant impact on renal transplantation. Bladder reconstruction and other techniques to address problems of voiding dysfunction can overcome difficulties previously experienced in recipients with abnormal lower urinary tracts. The availability of biocompatible stents and the development of percutaneous and endourological procedures have reduced the incidence and impact of ureteral complications after transplantation.