The most important fact in the early diagnosis of renal cell cancer is that approximately one-half of the patients are discovered incidentally when ultrasonography (US) is performed during a non-urological evaluation. The value of the three major explorations - US, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - is well known and Doppler ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration biopsy guided by US or CT are being developed now. Until the diagnosis by tumor markers becomes effective, imaging techniques are the only techniques that can help the clinician in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma.
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