To investigate the spatial-temporal variations and health impacts of O-3 (ozone) in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration, China (CP-UA), multiple and transdisciplinary methods were employed to analyze the collected millions of O-3 concentrations data. The results showed that the annual average concentration of O-3 in the CP-UA reduced by 19.7 from 2017 to 2020. O-3 monthly concentrations exhibited a multimodal structure and a feature of " high in summer and winter, low in spring and autumn". In spatial distribution, the main distribution of O-3 concentration was aligned in the northwest- southeast direction in the CP-UA. O-3 concentrations displayed positive spatial autocorrelations. The most polluted cities were distributed in northern CP-UA, forming a high-high (HH) agglomeration of O-3 concentrations. Cities in southern CP-UA had low O-3 concentrations, forming a low-low (LL) agglomeration pattern. It was estimated that the premature mortalities attributed to O-3 for respiratory disease in warm months were 15, 960 per year. The premature mortalities decreased by 28.7 in 2020 compared to 2017. The rescaled range analysis suggested a declining trend of O-3 concentrations and premature mortalities in the CP-UA.
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