Cloud computing is largely adopted by the current computing industry. Not only users can benefit from cloud scalability, but also businesses are more and more attracted by its flexibility. In addition, the number of offered cloud services (e.g., SaaS, BPaaS, mobile services, etc.) is continuously growing. This raises a question about how to effectively arrange and place them in the cloud, in order to offer high-performance services. Indeed, companies' and providers' benefits are strongly related to the optimal placement and management of cloud services, together with their related data. This produces various challenges, including the heterogeneity and dynamicity of hosting cloud zones, the cloud/service -specific placement constraints, etc. Recent cloud service placement approaches have dealt with these issues through different techniques, and by fixing various criteria to optimize. Moreover, researchers have considered other specificities, like the cloud environment type, the deployment model and the placement mode. This paper provides a comprehensive survey on service placement schemes in the cloud. We also identify the current challenges for different cloud service models and environments, and we provide our future directions.
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