Study on Application of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation in Restorative Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in Mice

摘要

The spinal cord injury (SCI) refers to different degrees of injuries in the structure or function of spinal cord caused by different factors. The prevalence rate of SCI in the population under 40 years reaches 80%. SCI causes certain injury to both physiology and psychology of patients. An important factor leading to SCI is the rupture of nerve fibers. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have the functions of inducing and supporting hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow. In this study, SCI mouse model was established to assess the effect of BM-MSCs on SCI. A total of 30 SCI mouse model were established and assigned into transplantation group (15 mice) and control group (15 mice) according to random number table method. The mice in transplantation group were treated with BM-MSCs transplantation at SCI site, while mice in control group were treated with normal saline at SCI site. The bone marrow pathological changes were measured by HE staining and neural cells were assessed by Pischingert's methylene blue staining along with measuring SRY level by immunohistochemistry. The motor abilities of mice in transplantation group at the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th weeks were significantly higher than mice in control group (P < 0.05). A few vacuoles appeared in mice in transplantation group. The number of cells in mouse spinal cord tissues in transplantation group was increased significantly over time, but a large number of vacuoles appeared in mouse spinal cord tissues in control group with necrosis of a vast amount of nerve fibers (P < 0.05). The number and volume of Nissl bodies in mice in transplantation group was increased significantly at 2 weeks after treatment and degeneration status of nerve cells in transplantation group was significantly better than control group (P < 0.05). The SRY genes were expressed in transplantation group for a long term but not in control group (P < 0.05). The number of adherent cells increased significantly in transplantation group at 48 hours after treatment. BM-MSCs transplantation can effectively promotes the recovery of SCI mice, indicating that it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.