Fate of Land Applied Emerging Organic Contaminants in Waste Materials

摘要

In this review, we describe recent research on: (1) the occurrence of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in waste materials and in soils receiving land application of ARG-contaminated waste materials; (2) the environmental behavior of ARGs in soils; (3) approaches to waste material management in terms of the elimination and reduction of ARGs. Land application of organic waste materials provides valuable nutrients to plant growth, but it can also introduce emerging organic contaminants, for example, antibiotics, into the environment. The widespread use of antibiotics and their entry into the environment are believed to result in the development and proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and ARGs in humans and animals, as well as in the environment. For this reason, ARGs are classified as emerging organic contaminants.