Fingerprinting and genetic diversity of American bison (Bison bison), aurochs (Bison bonasus), and gray Ukrainian Cattle (Bos taurus)

摘要

To describe genetic variability and population diversity in domesticated populations of American bison (Bison bison), aurochs (Bison bonasus), and gray Ukrainian cattle (Bos taurus) different variants of DNA fingerprinting technique (utilizing the M13 phage DNA. (TTAGGG)_4 synthetic oligonucleotide, and three arbitrary primers as hybridzation probes) were used. Several parameters characterizing polymorphism and genetic diversity levels in each population (species ) were evaluated on the bassi of the profiles obtained. Dendrograms reflecting similarities between individual animals weir constructed. Genetic variability of minisatellite and telemetric markers observed in th gray Ukrainian cattle flock was higher than that in aurochs and bisons. Comparison of the intrapopulation similarity (S) and gene diversity (H) indices along with the analysis of clusters in the dendrograms showed that the relatedness between the aurochs individuals was much higher than between the individual animals in the bison and gray Ukrainian cattle flocks. Furthermore, the gray Ukrainian cattle was represented by more distant relatives than the bison flock. It is suggested that reduced genetic variability and the appearance of deviant genotype observed in the two bison lines under selection, resulted from close inbreeding and the founder effect. The diagnostic value and efficacy of utilization of different molecular markers for estimation of genetic diversity and relatedness in domesticated animal population is discussed.