Application of chemical reagents as innovative remediation technologies for groundwater impacted by petroleum hydrocarbons in Italy

摘要

Innovative technologies with injection of chemical compounds were applied in order to remediate 28 contaminated sites with petroleum hydrocarbon impacted groundwater spread in the Italian territory. The used reagents can be classified into three main technologies: enhanced bioremediation products with oxygen released, In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) and surfactants. The analysis of these technologies allowed to better understand how to conduct the design, the execution and monitoring phases of the remediation. For the design phase soil and groundwater samples were collected from each site in order to identify the magnitude of the contamination and different calculation methods were tested to quantify the reagents needed for the remediation.