Dyslipidaemia as the original cause of atherosclerotic vascular disease has returned to centre stage, 20 years after the results of the 4S study were published in The Lancet in 1994. The 4S study heralded the beginning of the great success of statins, now the most widely prescribed class of drugs in the history of medicine. The three Series papers in this issue of The Lancet on the consequences of perturbed lipoprotein metabolism for vascular disease are an education on their own. The authors provide balanced and thorough overviews on what is known and, most importantly, still unknown in the specialty.
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