US independent Toreador Resources, which has a shale oil exploration permit in the Paris basin, is believed to be the first firm publicly to declare it will not use hydraulic fracturation (fracking), since a ban was enacted in France last week (IOD Jul.4'11). The new law requires shale gas and oil permit holders to declare within the next two months what technique they will use to explore for hydrocarbons; if they choose fracking or do not divulge their technique, their permits will be forfeited.
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