Mechanistic study on the coupling reaction of aryl bromides with arylboronic acids catalyzed by (iminophosphine)palladium(0) complexes. Detection of a palladium(II) intermediate with a coordinated boron anion

摘要

The complexes [Pd(eta(2)-dmfu)(P-N)] [P-N = 2-(PPh2)C6H4-1-CH=NR, R = C6H4OMe-4; CHMe2; C6H3Me2-2,6; C6H3(CHMe2)-2,6] react with an excess of BrC6H4R1-4 (R-1 = CF3; Me) yielding the oxidative addition products [PdBr(C6H4R1-4)(P-N)] at different rates depending on R [C6H4OMe-4 > C6H3(CHMe2)-2,6 > CHMe2 approximate to C6H3Me2-2,6] and R-1 (CF3 Me). In the presence of K2CO3 and activated olefins (ol = dmfu, fn), the latter compounds react with an excess of 4-(RC6H4B)-C-2(OH)(2) (R-2 = H, Me, OMe, Cl) to give [Pd(eta(2)-ol)(P-N)] and the corresponding biaryl through transmetallation and fast reductive elimination. The transmetallation proceeds via a palladium(n) intermediate with an O-bonded boron anion, the formation of which is markedly retarded by increasing the bulkiness of R. The intermediate was isolated for R = CHMe2, R-1 = CF3 and R-2 = H. The boron anion is formulated as a diphenylborinate anion associated with phenylboronic acid and/or as a phenylboronate anion associated with diphenylborinic acid. In general, the oxidative addition proceeds at a lower rate than transmetallation and represents the rate-determining-step in the coupling reaction of aryl bromides with arylboronic acids catalyzed by [Pd(eta(2)-dmfu)(P-N)].