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摘要

Adult butterflies are capable of associative learning that serves foraging flowers or finding oviposition sites. In experimental paradigms, they learn to extend their proboscis in response to floral orders associated with a sugar reward or to avoid them if paired with bitter substances. Such settings have been used to elucidate the neuronal circuitry and mechanisms underlying the aforementioned behaviors. Butterfly larvae have been less well studied for their learning capabilities, possibly because for them to feed on a plant the mechanisms mediating adaptation, habituation, and specialization appear more relevant.