Identification of AFLP and RAPD markers linked to anthracnose resistance in grapes and their conversion to SCAR markers

摘要

Resistance to anthracnose or black spot (Elsinoe ampelina), a serious fungal pathogen in viticulture and table grape production, was investigated on 25 grape cultivars. Bioassays performed with culture filtrates produced by the pathogen revealed 14 resistant genotypes. In most plants resistance originated from Vitis labrucsa but also genotypes with V. rupestris and V. riparia x V. rupestris background showed resistance. Genetic analysis was conducted in F, S and BC plants developed from various cultivars. In total, 326 F plants were evaluated, 172 genotypes proofed to be resistant, whereas 154 were susceptible to anthracnose. A Mendelian segregation ratio of 1 : 1 (spo = 0.30-0.65) indicating that anthracnose resistance is controlled by a single dominant gene. To facilitate the use of marker-assisted selection in grape-breeding PCR-based markers were developed by random amplified polymorphic DNA and amplified fragment length polymorphism in bulk segregant analysis. Finally, OPB 15 was developed as a sequence characterized amplified region marker being diagnostic for the locus of resistance to anthracnose in all resistant genotypes tested. Within the 25 grape cultivars OPB 15 is diagnostic in the genetic background of both V. labrucsa and V. rupestris and V. riparia x V. rupestris.