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国际护理科学（英文）

国际护理科学（英文）

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  • 国内刊号/CN：10-1444/R
    国际刊号/ISSN：2352-0132
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  • 主管单位：中国科学技术协会
    主办单位：中华护理学会
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国际护理科学（英文） >2023年第4期

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  • 摘要：Case description:Withdrawal of treatment is a common practice in critical care settings,perticularly when treatment is considered futile.The case study demonstrates an ethical dilemma,in which Danny is unlikely to make a functional recovery because of multiple organ dysfunction syndromes.Under such a circumstance,withdrawal of treatment will inevitably be considered,although his family refused to do so.Consequently,acritical question must be answered:Who should make the decision?Ethical dilemma identification:Danny decided to withdraw the use of life-support,whilst his wife and adult children refused to do so.The ethical dilemma is illustrated by the following question:Who decides the withdrawal of treatment in a critical care setting?Analysis:To provide an opotional solution to this case and make the best moral decision,the current study will critically discuss this issue in conjunction with ethical principles,philosophical theories and the values statement of the European and Chinese nurses''codes of ethics.Additionally,the associated literature relative to this case are analysed before the decision-making.Ethical decision-making:The best ethical decision is Danny can decide whether to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatment.If his family is involved in the discussion,the medical staff should balance the ethical principles when they make the decision and allocate reasonable resources for patients.Results:In Danny''s case,health professionals opted to respect his decision to withdraw treatment.The medical staff maintained an effective communication with the family involved,and provided the appropriate intervention to collaborate with other health care professionals to perfect further care.
  • 摘要：Objective:The aim of this study was to summarize the evidence of health literacy and health outcomes in hypertensive patients.Methods:Articles published in English were searched from six databases:MEDLINE,CINAHL,Embase,ERIC,psycINFO,and SCOPUS.The articles published up to September 2017 were included.Results:Nineteen publications were included in the review.There was quality and consistent evidence that hypertensive patients with lower literacy had poorer knowledge.There was inconsistent evidence to show the relationship between health literacy and clinical outcomes,of systolic and diastolic blood pressure,and blood pressure control;behavioral outcomes,of self-care,self-efficacy,adherence;patientphysician interactions outcomes,of patient-physician communication,patient trust,involvement in decision making and other outcomes.Conclusion:The person with low health literacy is likely to have poor knowledge of hypertension.However,there is insufficient evidence to suggest that health literacy is associated with outcomes of hypertension independently.
  • 摘要：A healthy nurse work environment is a workplace that is safe,empowering,and satisfying.Many research studies were conducted on nurse work environments in the last decade;however,it lacks an overview of these research studies.The purpose of this review is to identify,evaluate,and summarize the major foci of studies about nurse work environments in the United States published between January 2005 and December 2017 and provide strategies to improve nurse work environments.Databases searched included MEDLINE via PubMed,CINAHL,PsycINFO,Nursing and Allied Health,and the Cochrane Library.The literature search followed the PRISMA guideline.Fifty-four articles were reviewed.Five major themes emerged:1)Impacts of healthy work environments on nurses''outcomes such as psychological health,emotional strains,job satisfaction,and retention;2)Associations between healthy work environments and nurse interpersonal relationships at workplaces,job performance,and productivity;3)Effects of healthy work environments on patient care quality;4)Influences of healthy work environments on hospital accidental safety;and 5)Relationships between nurse leadership and healthy work environments.This review shows that nurses,as frontline patient care providers,are the foundation for patient safety and care quality.Promoting nurse empowerment,engagement,and interpersonal relationships at work is rudimental to achieve a healthy work environment and quality patient care.Healthier work environments lead to more satisfied nurses who will result in better job performance and higher quality of patient care,which will subsequently improve healthcare organizations''financial viability.Fostering a healthy work environment is a continuous effort.
  • 摘要：Objective:As decreasing the duration of untreated psychosis has been highlighted as key indicator in relation to improved prognosis,this study aims to identify the access barriers to beginning early treatment of young people in first-episode psychosis(FEP),based on family reports on the experience of perceiving illness and help-seeking.Method:A qualitative research was carried out with 12 relatives of 12 young people passing through their first psychiatric hospital admission as a result of their FEP.Depth interviews were used for data collection and thematic content method for data analysis.Results:Barriers to beginning treatment were lack of knowledge and difficulty in recognizing mental illness,lack of knowledge on where to seek specialized treatment,and stigma and resistance to psychiatric treatment.Conclusion:It was demonstrated that the family members are protagonists in the search for treatment of young people in their FPE,given that the initiative for seeking treatment came from them.
  • 摘要：Professional Committee of Respiratory Nursing of Chinese Nursing Association held the First Annual Conference on Progress of Respiratory NursingOn July 19th-22nd 2018,the First Annual Conference on Progress of Respiratory Nursing was held in Qingdao,organised by the Chinese Nursing Association and Chinese Journal of Nursing,with the assistance of Shandong Nursing Association and the Affliated Hospital of Qingdao University.President Wu Xinjuan of the Chinese Nursing Association attended the conference and delivered a speech about the academic development and thinking of nursing in the new era.
  • 摘要：Background:Anaemia during pregnancy is a major nutritional problem that can cause preterm delivery and low birth weight.Adherence to iron supplementation can prevent anaemia during pregnancy.However,adherence to iron supplementation remains a problem in many countries.Objective:This study aimed to identify the correlations of the perceived benefits and perceived barriers of and family support for iron supplementation with adherence to this practice amongst pregnant woman in Surabaya,Indonesia.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out on 102 pregnant women who attended check-ups at the Puskesmas and received iron supplementation.Data were collected using questionnaires.Results:Perceived benefits(r=0.334,P=0.001),perceived barriers(r=-0.294,P=0.003)and family support(r=0.263,P=0.008)were noted to be correlated with adherence to iron supplementation amongst pregnant woman in Surabaya,Indonesia.Conclusion:Perceived benefits,perceived barriers and family support are related to adherence to iron supplementation;thus,developing good perceptions and family support should be properly promoted.
  • 摘要：The role of nurse practitioners in primary healthcare has been validated over the years and is now being considered as a key solution in various primary healthcare settings to the provision of comprehensive care.The context in which the role has been established positions nurse practitioners''practice within medical and nursing paradigms.As the healthcare system evolves,nurse practitioners must define their identity to advocate for roles that reflect their professional values.A historical overview highlighting the context in which the NP role expanded will guide a philosophical discussion regarding role identity.After exposing tensions between the nursing and medicine disciplines,Abbots''theory of profession will be utilized to understand the foundations leading to initial research on nurse practitioner integration within the healthcare system.Feminist philosopher bell hooks''discourse on marginality will serve as a platform to reflect on the nurse practitioner identity within the current social context.Foucault''s notions of governmentality,parrhesia and care of the self will then guide reflections regarding ways for nurse practitioners to locate themselves as a profession.
  • 摘要：Objectives:Clinical experience is an essential component of nurse practitioner(NP)education that relies heavily on preceptors.Recruitment and retention of preceptors is challenging due to many variables that can affect NP education and practice.We surveyed Canadian NP programs to understand their preceptorship structures,how they support preceptorship,and to identify gaps and challenges to recruitment and retention of preceptors.Methods:An 18-item survey,developed by the NP Education Interest Group,was distributed to 24 universities across 10 Canadian provinces.Construct validity and reliability was assessed by experienced NPs and NP faculty.Data were analyzed using relative frequency statistics and thematic analysis.Participants consisted of administrative staff and/or faculty designated as responsible for recruitment and retention of NP preceptors.Results:Seventeen returned surveys were analyzed and demonstrated more similarities than differences across Canada''s NP programs,particularly related to barriers affecting recruitment and retention of preceptors.The findings identified NP programs have too many students for the number of available clinical sites/preceptors,resulting in overutilization,burnout,or refusal to take students.Competition with other health disciplines for clinical placements was identified as a challenge to placements.Respondents commented they lack time to recruit,provide follow-up,offer support,or seek preceptors''feedback due to competing work demands.They identified the need for standardized funding for preceptor remuneration and recognition across the country.Conclusion:The findings suggest the need for exploring a wider intraprofessional collaboration among graduate NP programs/faculty,clinical placement sites,and NPs to facilitate the recruitment and retention of preceptors.
  • 摘要：Advanced practice nursing has emerged worldwide in response to the need for improved services and outcomes for specific priority groups,improved access to care,decreased wait times,and cost containment of health care[1].Advanced practice nursing(APN)is an umbrella term that encompasses various APN roles(based on country of origin)that share at their core direct care of patients and families[2,3].APN roles have expanded in numbers and scope of practice over the past several decades with APN roles being highly valued and an integral part of the health care system.Due to the benefits of APN in meeting the current and future health needs of patients,the concept of APN(and the components of the role)needs to be effectively identified in order to continue to ensure patient safety while expanding patient access to APN care.The International Council of Nurses(ICN)defines an APN role as a“registered nurse who has acquired the expert knowledge base,complex decision-making skills and clinical competencies for expanded practice,the characteristics of which are shaped by the context and/or country in which s/he is credentialed to practice[4].”However,there is still no international agreement with respect to minimum educational preparation for APN,title protection for various APN roles,education,scope of practice,and accreditation system,and performance evaluation system[5-10].
  • 摘要：This paper discusses the development of advanced nursing practice in China in the context of global development.The scope of nursing is evolving over time,with increasing demands for the management of complex healthcare situations at individual,community and system levels.These demands are aggravated by the specialization of medical practice,with advanced treatment plans and patients requiring care in focused areas.The qualifications and competencies of the initial entrants into nursing practice are not adequate to deal with these demands.Advanced nursing practice(ANP)developed first in response to service demands,and education programs were introduced to prepare nurses for practicing at a higher level.This paper will first review the historical development of ANP in China,followed by a discussion of the differentiation of competence levels in nursing practice and the classification of specializations.It concludes by exploring how education in combination with experience protected by regulation of practice can support nurses to gradually evolve from registered nurse,specialty nurse to advanced practiced nurse.
  • 摘要：Wound ostomy continence nurses(WOC nurses),developed as an important part of clinical nurse specialists play an indispensable role in the management of ostomy,all kinds of chronic wounds and incontinent dermatitis.However,there exists a gap compared with developed countries and regions.This paper provides an overview of WOC nurses in China including origin and development,training and accreditation system,roles,values and management,in order to provide references for the development of WOC nurses in China.
  • 摘要：Objective:The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between moral distress that may affect patient safety,and the clinical practice model,assessing ethical decision-making skills of certified registered nurse anesthetists(CRNAs).Methods:A survey using the Ethical Stress Scale(ESS)and the Ethical Assessment Skills Survey(EASS)was conducted with 134 CRNAs.Results:Results indicated no significant effect of practice model on level of moral distress or perceived ethical assessment skill knowledge[Wilks''s lambda=0.952,F(6,256)=1.068,P=0.382,n^(2)=0.02].A statistically significant positive correlation existed between importance and skill(r=0.275,P=0.001).CRNAs felt skilled to manage the actions or activities they deemed important.Conclusion:CRNAs who perceived a higher skill level in addressing ethical issues experienced lower levels of moral distress.Findings indicate content-specific curricula for the CRNAs need to be evaluated for ethical decision-making skill assessment content.
  • 摘要：Background:Knowledge around emotional intelligence originated in the 1990s from research regarding thoughts,emotions and abilities.The concept of emotional intelligence has evolved over the last 25 years;however,the understanding and use is still unclear.Despite this,emotional intelligence has been a widely-considered concept within professions such as business,management,education,and within the last 10 years has gained traction within nursing practice.Aims and objectives:The aim of this concept review is to clarify the understanding of the concept emotional intelligence,what attributes signify emotional intelligence,what are its antecedents,consequences,related terms and implications to advance nursing practice.Method:A computerized search was guided by Rodger''s evolutional concept analysis.Data courses included:CINAHL,PyschINFO,Scopus,EMBASE and ProQuest,focusing on articles published in Canada and the United Stated during 1990e2017.Results:A total of 23 articles from various bodies of disciplines were included in this integrative concept review.The analysis reveals that there are many inconsistencies regarding the description of emotional intelligence,however,four common attributes were discovered:self-awareness,self-management,social awareness and social/relationship management.These attributes facilitate the emotional well-being among advance practice nurses and enhances the ability to practice in a way that will benefit patients,families,colleagues and advance practice nurses as working professionals and as individuals.Conclusion:The integration of emotional intelligence is supported within several disciplines as there is consensus on the impact that emotional intelligence has on job satisfaction,stress level,burnout and helps to facilitate a positive environment.Explicit to advance practice nursing,emotional intelligence is a concept that may be central to nursing practice as it has the potential to impact the quality of patient care and outcomes,decision-making,critical thinking and overall the well-being of practicing nurses.
  • 摘要：Aims:Used as integrated tools,technology may improve access and outcomes of care.A new intervention that integrates multiple technologies called mI SMART has been developed,implemented,and evaluated by Nurse Practitioners.The aim of this paper is to present the initial effectiveness of a webbased,structure of sensors and mobile devices designed to overcome the known health determinant of access to care for rural,chronically ill patients by using technology.Methods:The study was conducted at a community primary-care clinic that provides free healthcare to impoverished adults.Adults with at least one chronic condition,a minimum of 3rd grade reading level,and without dementia/psychosis were recruited.Participants were given a Nexus7 tablet and Bluetooth self-monitoring devices.The intervention lasted for 12 weeks.Blood glucose,blood pressure,and weight were collected using the provided Bluetooth devices and means were evaluated with paired-samples ttests before and after the intervention.Results:Thirty participants were majority female,white,married,high-school educated or less,earning less than$20,000 per annum,and had multiple chronic conditions.Pre-intervention glucose,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,weight and Body Mass Index were all reduced after the 12-week intervention.Conclusions:The mI SMART intervention is efficacious for use in improvised adults living in rural areas with multiple chronic conditions.As previously reported,the intervention was also shown to be feasible and acceptable to patients.The next step is a larger randomized controlled trial.
  • 摘要：Objectives:A framework for the advanced practice nurse(APN)role was developed in our Canadian Tertiary Care Centre,delineating five domains of advanced nursing practice:clinical practice,consultation,research,education and leadership.The goal of this study was to evaluate perceptions of the effectiveness of the implementation of an innovative APN role on an in-patient Neurosurgery unit.Methods:A pre-and-post implementation design,incorporating both qualitative and quantitative data,was utilized.An innovative APN role was implemented within the Neurosurgery program focusing on the clinical domain and required the successful candidates to be NP prepared.This APN role was designed to improve patient flow,documentation,communication and patient and staff satisfaction.Three primary outcomes were measured:pre-implementation questionnaire(nurses),post-implementation questionnaire(nurses and residents)and number of pages to the on-call resident.Results:Survey scores by nurses and residents indicated improvement across all aspects studied.Average scores increased from 1.1 to 2.6,reflecting an overall statistically significant increase.The number of pages to the on-call resident also showed a decrease.Conclusion:Perceptions of patient care delivery and professional collaboration improved following implementation of the APN role.Responses indicated that APNs significantly impacted patient care and improved nurses and residents''job satisfaction.
  • 摘要：Objectives:Chronic renal failure affects the physiological,psychological,functional ability,and independent status of the patient,which might result in a burden to the family members caring for them.The objective of the study was to identify caregivers''level of burden and establish the impact of educational intervention programs on caregiving outcomes.Methods:This was a one-group pre-test post-test study conducted between April and August 2017 on family caregivers of hemodialysis patients.A convenient sample of 169 caregivers was used.A sociodemographic questionnaire,the OBCS,and BCOS were utilized for data collection,which occurred at baseline and two weeks post-intervention.The collected data were analyzed using SPSS where t-test determined the impact of the intervention.Results:Caregivers were found to be moderately burdened(M=2.73,SD=0.23)and their lives had changed for the worst as a result of caregiving(M=3.17,SD=5.89).There were significant differences in caregiving outcome scores before and after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:Caring for patients receiving hemodialysis adds extra responsibilities to the caregivers''schedule thus leaving them substantially burdened.Educating caregivers on the required care eased their burden and improved caregiving outcomes.Recommendations are made that healthcare professionals should assess caregiver burden,and address their physical and mental health needs.Caregivers should also be regularly educated on the regular caregiving tasks to ease their burden.
  • 摘要：Objectives:Reported prediction rules for postoperative atrial fibrillation(AF)have suffered from inconsistent results and controversy surrounding the predictive value of a preoperative P-wave duration(PreOPWD).This study examined PreOPWD as a predictor for AF after coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods:Two-hundred-and-ninety-nine patients with sinus rhythm before off-pump CABG were recruited into the study.Patients''demographic and clinical data were evaluated prospectively.Patients were continuously monitored for the first seven postoperative days.Multiple logistic regressionwas used to determine significant predictors of AF.Findings were then combined with similar studies and a metaanalysis was performed.Results:Postoperative AF was observed in 33.1%of 299 patients.Patients with AF were older,had a prolonged PreOPWD,higher incidences of hypertension,aortic regurgitation,and mitral regurgitation.A cut-off point of PreOPWD105ms achieved a specificity of 74%,and a sensitivity of 65%for predictive of AF.Multivariate analysis showed that PreOPWD105ms(odds ratio[OR]4.63,95%confidence intervals[CI]2.66 to 8.03,P<0.001),age60 years(OR 2.72,95%CI 1.51 to 4.90,P<0.01)and hypertension(OR 2.10,95%CI 1.08 to 4.07,P<0.05)independently predicted postoperative AF.A meta-analysis of this data combined with those of ten other studies showed that PreOPWD was greater in patients with POAF,with a weighted mean difference of 3.95 ms(95%CI 1.97 to 5.92,P<0.001).Conclusion:This study confirmed,among other predictive characteristics,that PreOPWD is a powerful independent predictor of POAF.
  • 摘要：Background:This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictive factors of prolonged grief disorder(PGD)among those bereaved by the Wenchuan earthquake in Southwestern China seven years after the event.Methods:A cross-sectional survey based on census tracts was conducted on the bereaved earthquake survivors.Responses to the questionnaire regarding PGD and its potential associated factors were obtained either through face-to-face or telephone interview.PGD was screened by a validated Chinese version of the PGD questionnaire-13(PG-13).Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of PGD.Results:A total of 1464 bereaved earthquake survivors,with a response rate of 97.6%,were included in the study.Of the 1464 respondents studied,124(8.47%)were diagnosed with PGD.Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that PGD in the bereaved earthquake individuals was significantly associated with several factors,including age,economic burden,close kinship with the deceased,and living with the deceased before the loss.Wenchuan earthquake bereaved aged 41e60 years were more likely to develop PGD compared to those aged younger than 40 or older than 60(OR=2.075,95%CI=1.297e3.319).Those who had a close kinship with the deceased had a higher tendency to develop PGD(OR=5.144,95%CI=2.716e9.740).The odds of PGD among the earthquake bereaved with economic burdens were higher relative to those who did not experience an economic burden(OR=8.123,95%CI=2.657e24.831).Those who living with the deceased before loss also had a higher tendency to develop PGD(OR=0.179,95%CI=0.053e0.602).Conclusions:This study revealed that a significantly high proportion(8.47%)of the Wenchuan earthquake-bereaved remain grieving seven years after the event.Those diagnosed with PGD should receive appropriate interventions from clinical psychologists.The risk factors identified in this study are crucial for the early screening and prevention of PGD in future nursing and psycho-clinical practices.
  • 摘要：Aims:This study aimed to describe the adherence level to antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among people living with HIV in Hunan province,China.Methods:Across-sectional survey study was done at two major HIV treatment sites within Hunan province in China from July 2011 to Oct 2012 through face-to-face interviews.Adherence measures were captured using a 30-day visual analog scale(VAS).Results:A total of 418 participants consented and completed the questionnaires with the mean age being 38 years old.Based on VAS,28%of the participants had lower than 90%ART adherence level.The main reasons for missing drugs were;forgetting,being away from home,being busy and feeling worse after taking drugs.Logistic regression results showed that drug use(B=0.68,OR=2.11),time on ART(B=0.31,OR=0.72)and side effects(B=0.64,OR=1.82)were significantly associated with adherence to ART.Conclusion:Patients on ARVs in Hunan province are faced with adherence challenges notably drug abuse,drug regime scheduling challenges at the initial stages of therapy and drug side effects.It is therefore necessary to institute specific adherence interventions that target those who abuse drugs,ART naïve patients,and those experiencing side effects in order to achieve optimal ART adherence.
  • 摘要：Objective:The concept of coping with disease appears frequently in the literature;however,there is no precise definition of coping.The aim of this study is to clarify coping concept,and to identify its attributes,antecedents,and consequences in patients with multiple sclerosis.Methods:Rodgers''evolutionary method of concept analysis was used to clarify the concept of coping.A literature review was conducted with key terms‘multiple sclerosis’,‘coping’,‘adjustment’,and‘deal with’.After searching databases,1370 papers were found for the period 1995e2017.Finally,55 articles and texts were selected for analysis.Data analysis was carried out using thematic analysis.An independent researcher checked the process to ensure credibility and reduce personal bias.Results:Coping with multiple sclerosis is a multidimensional concept with three main attributes:maintenance of emotional balance,acceptance of the disease,and self-regulation.Social support,awareness toward the disease,attitude toward the disease,and religious-spiritual beliefs were found as antecedents.Health promotion,adherence to treatment regimen,independence in personal life and social relationships,and improvement of family relationships were found as consequences of these attributes.Conclusion:These findings not only add to the body of knowledge in health science,but also serve as an important motivation for further theory development and research in this context.Nurses and health professions can also benefit from a deeper understanding of coping concept in providing and planning healthcare for these patients.
  • 摘要：Objective:A study was conducted to explore the level of illness perception,the level of cardiovascular health behaviour and the relationship between illness perception and cardiovascular health behaviour among persons with ischemic heart disease(IHD)in a community setting.Method:The participants comprised 235 persons with IHD.The instruments used were as follows:1)Demographic Data and Health Information,2)The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire(Brief IPQ),3)The Open-ended Questionnaire(OEQ),and 4)The Modified Cardiac Health Behaviour Scale(MCHBS).Findings from the OEQ are used to assess in-depth illness perception and to extend the information obtained from the Brief IPQ.The design of the study was descriptive correlational.The data were analysed using descriptive statistics to present the demographic data and health information.Inferential statistics was used to resolve the relationship between illness perception and cardiovascular health behaviour by using Pearson''s Product Moment Correlation.Result:The mean score of illness perception was at a moderate level(M=43.65,SD=3.93),whereas the mean score of cardiovascular health behaviour was at a high level(M=80.29,SD=5.42).A significant positive relationship existed between illness perception and cardiovascular health behaviour among persons with IHD(r=0.38,P<0.01).Conclusion:Persons with higher illness perception showed a positive correlation with higher cardiovascular health behaviour at a significant level of 0.01.Results provided important information for nurses to develop an intervention program to promoting appropriate illness perception and cardiovascular health behaviour among persons with IHD.
  • 摘要：Objectives:To translate and study the factor structure of a Japanese version of the Stressors in Nursing Students scale.Methods:The Stressors in Nursing Students scale was translated into Japanese and administered to a large cohort(N=1298)of female Japanese nursing students across five universities and across all four years of the nursing programme.The data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis.Results:Exploratory factor analysis revealed four factors:‘Clinical’;‘Conflict and confidence’;‘Education’;and‘Free time’.The relationship between the total score on the Stressors in Nursing Students scale and the demographic aspects of the sample was weak but there was a significant increase in the perception of stressors between first and second year students.Conclusions:There were similarities and differences between the perception of stressors by nursing students in Japan compared with,for example,the United Kingdom and China mainland.While a fourfactor structure was found here,the distribution of items in the Stressors in Nursing Students scale differed from previous studies in the United Kingdom and China with the‘Free time’factor being unique to this study.Stress is an issue for nursing students and is related to the specific stressors they encounter in the process of their work and study.Findings can inform the development of strategies to reduce such stressors among nursing students in multiple,global contexts.
  • 摘要：Objectives:Obsession is one of the important aspects in death distress.The objective of this study was to estimate the reliability,validity,and factorial structure of the Farsi version of the Death Obsession Scale(DOS).Methods:A convenience sample of 106 Iranian nurses from two hospitals at Tehran city,Iran was recruited.They completed the DOS,Death Concern Scale,Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale,Death Anxiety Scale,Reasons for Death Fear Scale,and Death Depression Scale.Results:Cronbach''s a for the DOS was 0.95,and 2-week test-retest reliability was 0.74.The DOS correlated 0.48,0.46,0.47,0.39 and 0.44 with the last mentioned scales,respectively(P<0.01),indicating good construct and criterion-related validity.Principle components analysis of the DOS identified three factors accounted for 74.82%of the variance.Factor 1 labeled“Death rumination”(34.78%of the variance),Factor 2 labeled“Death dominance”(29.65%of the variance),and Factor 3 labeled“Death idea repetition”(10.38%of the variance).Conclusions:The DOS has good validity and reliability,and it could be recommended for use in clinical and research settings to assess the death obsession in Iranian nurses.
  • 摘要：Objective:The aim of this study was to explore the burden of care for patients undergoing hemodialysis from the experiences of family caregivers.Methods:In this qualitative study,a content analysis approach was used for data collection and analysis.Participants were 16 family caregivers selected through purposive sampling from four medical education centers affiliated with Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences,Iran.Semi-structured interviews were held to collect data.Results:Four categories were developed as follows:‘care challenges’,‘psychological vulnerabilities’,‘the chronic nature of care’and“care in the shade”.The categories led to the development of the main theme of‘progressive exhaustion’experienced by the family caregivers during the provision of care to patients undergoing hemodialysis.Conclusion:Family caregivers have a significant role in the process of patient care,and this role leads them to progressive exhaustion;therefore,the overall health of the caregivers should be taken into account and more attention should be paid to their quality of life,social welfare,and satisfaction level.
  • 摘要：Objectives:This study aimed to determine the predictors of health-promoting behaviour among older adults with hypertension in Bengkulu City,Bengkulu,Indonesia.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in 333 older adults with hypertension,who were selected using multistage sampling method.Data were obtained by face-to-face interview with structured questionnaires.The questionnaires used in this study included the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II(HPLP II),Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale(HK-LS),Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale(SRAHP),Barriers to Health-promoting Behaviour Scales(BAS),Benefits to Health-Promoting Behaviour Scales(BES),Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support(MSPSS)and Situational Influences Questionnaire(SIQ).Data were analysed by using multiple linear regressions.Results:The mean and standard deviation(Mean±SD)of each questionnaire were as follows:HPLP II,2.55±0.19;HK-LS,11.83±3.00;SRAHP,2.00±5.87;BAS,27.89±2.70;BES,34.29±2.29;MSPSS,60.35±8.12;and SIQ,47.71±6.66.According to the multiple linear regression model,36.9% of the variation in health-promoting behaviour among older adults with hypertension can be explained by six variables,namely,education,knowledge,self-efficacy,perceived barriers,social support and situational influences(adjusted R^(2)=0.369).Conclusions:High and good-quality education will increase the level of health-promoting behaviour,whereas barriers,such as expense and time requirement,can decrease it.Situational influences and support from family and friends can also influence the older adult''s attempts to change their health behaviour.Increased self-efficacy will clearly result in improved health-promoting behaviour of older adults with hypertension.
  • 摘要：Objective:This descriptive study reveals how nurses working in public hospitals rated their practice environments with respect to nurse-friendly hospital criteria.Methods:This study was conducted on 460 nurses volunteering to participate this study among 735 nurses working in inpatient wards of three public hospitals.Data were collected using a personal information form and the Adapted Nursing Work IndexeRevised.Numbers,percentages,means and standard deviations,t-test and one-way variance analysis were used to evaluate the data.Results:Among the nurse-friendly hospital criteria,‘control of nursing practice’,‘middle management accountability’and‘quality initiatives’had the highest mean scores,and‘competitive wages’had the lowest mean score.The assessments of the nurses presented statistically significant differences with respect to personal and occupational variables.Conclusion:The nurses found most of the nurse-friendly hospital criteria adequate,but they believed that several areas needed improvement.
  • 摘要：With an 80-year history in nursing education,Xi''an Jiaotong University School of Nursingis educating the next generation of transformational leaders in nursing.We have been rankedone of the top universities to provide university-based nursing education programs in China.Having the caring philosophy as"Compassion,Character,Career development",the schoolhas a vigorous mission to provide a diverse and holistic nursing education and to preparegraduates to become pioneers of the nursing profession and play significant roles in nursingadministration,nursing education,nursing research,advanced clinical nursing,and communityhealth nursing.
  • 摘要：The bell of the New Year is about to ring and we are all looking forward to welcoming 2019.On behalf of the Chinese Nursing Association(CNA),I would like to extend my sincere greetings and greatest respect to all nursing professionals across the country as we bid farewell to the old and usher in the new.I am likewise expressing my heartfelt gratitude to all our local and international colleagues,who have contributed to the development of China''s nursing sector.
  • 摘要：目的护士自我概念对专业化有重要意义。本研究旨在探讨护士自我概念问卷土耳其版的信度和效度。方法以护生和护士为受试对象,进行方法学研究。统计分析方法采用结构方程模型聚合效度分析判别效度分析、内部一致性分析和重测信度分析。结果护士自我概念问卷重测信度的相关系数为0.87。该问卷的内部一致性系数Cronbach''a为0.83~0.91,6个分量表的内部一致性较高,拟合优度指数可接受。结论护士自我概念问卷土耳其版对于土耳其护生和护生自我概念评价是有效和可靠的工具。
  • 摘要：目的评价中文版特发性肺纤维化患者生活质量量表(Chinese version of a tool to assess quality of life in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,cATAQ-IPF)在间质性肺疾病(interstitial lung diseases,LD)患者中的信效度。方法使用量表引进方法形成中文版ATAQ-IPF(cATAQ-IPF)。量表的内容效度通过6名专家评价获得。共92例ILD患者完成cATAQ-IPF,圣乔治呼吸问卷(St.George''s respiratory questionnaire,SGRQ)和英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表的基线评估。15例符合纳人排除标准的受试者在2周后完成了cATAQ-IPF的重测信度检验。收集的数据用于评价cATAQ-IPF的组内相关系数、Cronbach''s a内部一致性信度、内容效度、皮尔森相关系数,校标关联效度和已知族群效度。结果cATAQ-IPF具有良好的重测信度,组内相关系数为0.95。量表有良好的组内一致性信度,除治疗维度Cronbach''sa为0.60外,其余维度Cronbach''sa为0.96。量表水平的内容效度指数(S-CVI)为0.80,条目水平的内容效度指数(I-CVI)为0.78~1.00,内容效度较好。cATAQ-IPF得分与SGRQ总分显著相关(r=0.71,P<0.01),校标关联效度理想。ILD患者cATAQ-IPF得分为(250.74±47.39)分,,IPF患者cATAQ-IPF得分为(287.90±22.56)分。根据cATAQ-IPF评估,IPF患者健康相关生活质量受到更多损害(t=4.94,P<0.01)。结论cATAQ-IPF可用于评价中国ILD患者,是具有良好信效度的评估工具。

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