摘要：美籍阿富汗作家卡勒德·胡赛尼小说《追风筝的人》将风筝这一承载阿富汗历史和血脉的文化隐喻贯穿文本始末，以阿米尔成长中的“背叛—救赎”这一经典主题，揭示其对哈桑的背叛不仅造成个体的心灵创伤，也预示阿富汗文化、民族和历史所造成的集体创伤。从人文主义书写的视角探讨了阿米尔成长的“私人事件”与民族灾难的“公共事件”间的相关性，揭示了个人的心灵成长史也是民族的灵魂史和国家的苦难史。阿米尔逃亡美国及其返回阿富汗并救出哈桑之子索拉博的历程既是其在找寻自己的身份认同，也是阿富汗这个国家在动荡中寻求自己文化身份和民族身份的认同。胡赛尼对阿富汗文化、历史和民族的书写，让世人关注这个灾难深重的民族和国家，思考民族的苦难和人类的苦难、个人的精神救赎和国家的出路这一深刻的人文主义命题，也在一定程度上改变了9·11事件后阿富汗及阿富汗人在西方的负面形象。%The kite as a cultural metaphor, loaded with the history and blood of Afghanistan, runs through The Kite Runner written by Afghan-American writer Khaled Hosseini (1965-). The novel is about the classic theme Betrayal-Redemption in the growth process of Amir. Amir’s betraying Hassan not only causes trauma to both of them, but also reveals Afghanistan cultural, ethnic and historical traumata since the 1970s. That Amir flees to America and returns to rescue Hassan's son. Sohrab indicates that Amir endeavors to find his own identity, and Afghanistan seeks its own cultural identity and ethnic identity as well. The“private event”of Amir’s growth in the novel is used to activate the“public event”of the national disasters, showing the history of personal spiritual growth, of a nation’s soul and of a country’s suffering. Khaled Hosseini writes about Afghan culture, history and ethnics, making the world concerned about the disaster-stricken country and its ethnic groups, more importantly, think about such a profound social proposition as a nation’s sufferings and human sufferings, personal spiritual redemption and orientation of a country, and to a certain extent, change the negative images of Afghanistan and the Afghan people after 9•11 in the West.
