Analysis of power consumption in -standalone 5G network and enhancement in energy efficiency using a novel routing protocol

摘要

5G technology rollout has already begun across the world in non-standalone format alongside LTE (long-term evolution) macro structures. LTE has proven to be unsustainable in the long run. 5G electronic architecture is characterized by fewer transmissions in an always-on mode unlike LTE, where the sleep time is less than 1 ms, and thus LTE has a small proportion of fast activation components that are switched off in a DRX (discontinuous reception) cycle. 5G structure has a large proportion of fast activation components that enable it to save energy in the idle state. However, in a standalone scenario, where 5G macros are used with an expected device density of 1 million per km~2 against 2000 per km~2 in LTE, the load on the base station in a cell sector would be tremendous. The load poses a great challenge towards the minimization of energy consumption and the sustainability of the entire network. Mitigation of dissipation is itself energy intensive and threatening to the longevity of electronics involved. This paper proposes two modified power consumption models that would accurately depict the power consumption for a 5G base station in a standalone network and a novel routing protocol for distributing the load on the base stations in the case of intercellular communication. A trade-off between the latency and power consumption is discussed to create a sustainable 5G network within a certain level of quality-of-service parameters.