Tectonic evolution of the Western Kunlun orogenic belt in northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Evidence from zircon SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology

摘要

The Western Kunlun Range in northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is composed of the North Kunlun Terrane, the South Kunlun Terrane and the Karakorum-Tianshuihai Terrane. Here we report zircon SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages of some metamorphic and igneous rocks and field observations in order to provide a better understanding of their Precambrian and Palaeozoic-early Mesozoic tectonic evolution. Based on these data we draw the following conclusions: (1) The paragneisses in the North Kunlun Terrane are likely of late Mesoproterozoic age rather than Palaeoproterozoic age as previously thought, representing tectonothermal episodes at 1.0—0.9 Ga and ～0.8 Ga. (2) The North Kunlun Terrane was an orogenic belt accreted to the southern margin of Tarim during late Mesoproterozoic to early Neopro-terozoic, the two episodes of metamorphisms correspond to the assemblage and breakup of Rodinia respectively. (3) The Bulunkuole Group in western South Kunlun Terrane, which was considered to be the Palaeoproterozoic basement of the South Kunlun Terrane by previous studies, is now subdivided into the late Neoproterzoic to early Palaeozoic paragneisses (khondalite) and the early Mesozoic metamorphic volcano-sedimentary series; the paragneisses were thrust onto the metamorphic volcano-sedimentary series from south to north, with two main teconothermal episodes (i.e., Caledonian, 460—400 Ma, and Hercynian-lndosinian, 340—200 Ma), and have been documented by zircon U-Pb ages. (4) In the eastern part of the South Kunlun Terrane, a gneissic granodiorite pluton, which intruded the khondalite, was crystallized at ca. 505 Ma and metamorphosed at ca. 240 Ma. In combination with geochronology data of the paragneiss, we suggest that the South Kunlun Terrane was a Caledonian accretionary orogenic belt and overprinted by late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic arc magmatism.