Cognitive or Intelligent Sensors are becoming smaller, lighter and increasingly sophisticated, enabling technologies that span from living room golf to the battlefield management of autonomous vehicles and unmanned aircraft. Sensors are now more and more integrated in complex systems and information systems. This trend aims at implementing more coherent, efficient, and reactive processes. Nevertheless, their development involves suitable evolutions in signal and image processing concepts. On one hand, disparate data have to be efficiently managed from the observation to the decision level, taking into account all their specificities. On the other hand, information has to be obtained through a dynamical process of resource management, such that the whole system provides the best fitting with needs, environment and context. Obviously system design and control are major problems in term of autonomy of sensors and interactions between them, and they need individual and collective behavior optimization.
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