Proposed 2D and 3D geometries intended for smart antenna applications, including direction finding and beamforming implementation

摘要

Novel two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) antenna array geometries for smart antenna application are introduced. Minimum mean square error beamforming algorithm, using these arrays, in presence of signal, noise and interferences is implemented. Beamforming approach is used for every type of array assuming uniform and log-normal distributions for the interference amplitudes. Equal volume cylindrical or prism type arrays with circular, hexagonal, triangular, square and star cross-sections with equal number of elements are considered. Novel geometries consisting of rotated cross-sections are studied as well. In each case, the relative signal-to-interference ratios (SIRs) are compared in these geometries, showing that the triangular and the star cross-section prisms have a better performance with respect to other cylindrical geometries. Monte-Carlo simulations show that the rotated geometries have better performance than the conventional 3D geometries both in terms of direction finding resolution and SIR values. Given the performance evaluation of these arrays in terms of direction finding resolution and beamforming precision, smart antenna realisation becomes plausible with these novel geometries for practical purposes.