Parallel phenotypic analysis of sporulation and postgermination growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

摘要

We have quantitatively monitored the sporulation and germination efficiencies of ≈4,200 yeast deletion strains in parallel by using a molecular bar coding strategy. In a single study, we doubled the number of genes functionally implicated in sporulation to 400, identifying both positive and negative regulators. Our set of 261 sporulation-deficient genes illustrates the importance of autoph-agy, carbon utilization, and transcriptional machinery during sporulation. These general cellular factors are more likely to exhibit fitness defects when deleted and less likely to be transcriptionally regulated than sporulation-specific genes. Our postgermination screening assay identified recombination/chromosome segregation genes, aneuploid strains, and possible germination-specific factors. Finally, our results facilitate a genome-wide comparison of expression pattern and mutant phenotype for a developmental process and suggest that 16% of genes differentially expressed during sporulation confer altered efficiency of spore production or defective postgermination growth when disrupted.