公立小中学校への空調一斉導入の効果に関する研究温熱環境および教育面・健康面の効果

摘要

This paper discussed the influence on the thermal environment in classrooms and the learning attitude and health of the students by installing air-conditioners into classrooms of public elementary schools and junior high schools. The main results are as follows; 1) More than 50% of the students and teachers in the schools answered that thermal environment of air-conditioned classrooms were "comfort". More than 50% of the students answered "neutral" on thermal sensation scale. On the contrary, more than 40% of the teachers chose the answer "slightly hot" in the seven schools. 2) The occupants in the classrooms were able to concentrate on studying with the aid of air-conditioners. Most of the teachers answered the positive effect on students' learning attitude by the air-conditioners. 3) Most of them showed a positive view of installing air-conditioners into classrooms.%小学校高学年の子どもの暑熱環境における発汗能力は男子大学生の半分程度であり，小学校低学年の子どもの体温調節はさらに未発達である1）。ゆえに暑熱環境下では成人よりも子どもの方が熱疲弊しやすく，健康被害を防ぐためにも熱環境を安全な範囲に保つ必要がある。文部科学省は教室における夏期の望ましい温度を30℃以下，最も望ましい温度を25～28℃と定めているが，たとえば，鹿児島の小学校では教室の温度が夏期に30℃を超えることが報告されており，小中学生にとってはかなり過酷な環境である。