But the entire universe beyond our atmosphere has long been regarded as the fourth of modern warfare's five dimensions, cyber being the fifth. Once the preserve of the wealthiest and most technologically advanced of players, space has now become a path far more frequently trodden. More and more nations are paying attention to creating sovereign capability in space, leveraging domestic expertise and transferred technologies to empower communications, surveillance and security functionality. The industry itself has grown beyond all recognition in the last two decades and - although the 'space race' in terms of manned missions to the moon or even further afield has slowed dramatically - the pace of development in those areas that have dual applications to both civil and military operations continues to heat up.
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