BWDO algorithm and its application in antenna array and pixelated metasurface synthesis

摘要

This article introduces a novel, binary version of wind driven optimisation (WDO) called binary WDO (BWDO), which can be specifically used for solving binary valued problems such as antenna array and metasurface synthesis. Validation of proposed algorithm is done with standard benchmark functions. To demonstrate the efficiency of BWDO, examples of thinned antenna array and metasurface synthesis are considered. Thinned antenna array problem is solved by formulating single and multi-objective optimisation problems which achieve minimum SLL of -22.30 dB and -20.28 dB respectively, as compared to -13.2 dB by periodic array. Further, the proposed BWDO algorithm is interface with Ansys-HFSS and three design examples of metasurfaces such as MPA and AMC are further considered to exemplify the proficiency of BWDO. Simulation of optimised MPA exhibits five discrete bands of high absorptions at 8.7, 9.7, 14.6, 15.3 and 16.5 GHz with simulation reflection co-efficient value of -11.46, -10.00, -12.17, -16.19 and -20.58 dB which is less than -10 dB reflection under normal incidence of wave. Synthesised single and dual band AMC has in-phase reflection bandwidth of 0.58 and 0.34, 0.16 GHz at central frequency of 5.21 and 5.07, 6.49 GHz respectively. The measured results almost matched with the respective simulated results with slight variation due to fabrication tolerance.