Modeling the strain response, magneto-mechanical cycling under the external stress, work output and energy losses in Ni-Mn-Ga

摘要

Present publication gives a detailed theoretical concept and also presents the relevant experimental results concerning the effect of the constant external stress on the magnetic-field-controlled strain response during the cycling in magnetic field in Ni-Mn-Ga. We also first consider in details the problems of hysteresis, total energy balance, energy losses, optimization of work output and estimation of thermodynamic efficiency for Ni-Mn-Ga based MSMAs. Simultaneously we give the most important information about the main structural, magnetic and mechanical properties related to a family of non-stoi-chiometric Ni-Mn-Ga alloys having three different type of martensite crystal structures.