A Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Route to Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes: Development of Hydroxide-Conducting Thin Films from an Ammonium-Functionalized Monomer

摘要

A critical component of a fuel cell is the electrolyte membrane, which acts as a barrier between the fuel and oxidant streams and simultaneously transports ions. Nafion, a proton exchange membrane, has dominated the field due its processability, chemical and thermal stability, and high proton conductivity (when properly hydrated). However, Nafion also has some significant drawbacks including high cost along with considerable methanol crossover when used in direct methanol fuel cells, resulting in decreased efficiency. Despite being relatively underdeveloped, alkaline anion exchange membranes (AAEMs), materials that conduct hydroxide ions, offer important benefits such as reduced methanol crossover and greatly enhanced kinetics for the oxygen reduction reaction. This increases fuel cell efficiency and also permits the use of cheaper non-noble metal catalysts making this technology financially more viable.