THE PRESENT STATE OF FUSION RESEARCH

摘要

A review is given on the potentialities of fusion energy with respect to energy production and related environmental problems, the various approaches to controlled fusion, the basic conditions for magnetic and inertial fusion, the present state and perspectives of fusion research, and aspects of future possibilities and plans. Fusion research does not concern a single area but rather covers a complex of problems, ranging from basic plasma physical science to technology and system studies. Considerable progress has been made within all these areas. In the latest large tokamak experiments the break-even parameter range of marginal balance between fusion power and power losses has been reached, and the first experimental reactor is planned to be ready for operation in 13 years time. Also inertial fusion approaches its break-even. It could already become possible to realize a power producing fusion reactor at this stage. However, such a reactor, being based on the current tokamak concept, is not likely to become technically or economically relevant. In a balanced global research programme, a broader approach including work on concept improvements and alternative lines becomes crucial to final success, and for the full potential of fusion energy to be utilized.