生活利便性からみた住宅団地の持続可能性: 大分市における開発規模5ha以上の住宅団地を対象として

摘要

日本では、1950年以降、住宅金融公庫法、公営住宅法、日本住宅rn公団法の住宅関連の三法が制定され、戦後の公的住宅供給の基本的rnな柱となった。また、高度経済成長期には、都市への急激な人口流rn入と共に住宅不足が深刻な社会問題となり、住宅建設5カ年計画にrnより、大規模住宅団地が全国規模で建設された1）。しかし、近年、rn都心部の住宅団地で居住者の高齢化、施設の老巧化、住環境の悪化rnなどが問題になっている2）3）4）5）。多摩ニュータウン、千里ニューrnタウン、高蔵寺ニュータウンなど、先行して開発が行われた住宅団rn地においても、同様な問題が発生しており、既に何らかの形で過去rnの急激な住宅団地供給の弊害が現れている。こうした大都市で初期rnに建設された住宅団地の現状に焦点を当てた研究は、数多くなされrnており、住宅団地の同時期大量開発の問題点が明らかとなっているrn6）7）8）.%A large number of residential estates were constructed all over Japan in the period of high economic growth. However, as time goes on, their residential estates have numerous problems such as deterioration of buildings, low fertility and aging of population and so on. Those problems, particularly, could be caused in Oita city where residential estates increased rapidly after designation of 'New Industrial City' in 1964. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to grasp the current situation of living environment on the residential estates and find the measures to improve the quality of living environment for sustainability. The method of this study is as follows. Firstly, the forward projections for population figures are computed using cohort estimation method and the population change is grasped in the residential estates which are more than 5ha in Oita city. Next, the accessibility of living convenient facilities and the convenience of public transportation are measured. Then, the principal components of those factors are analyzed to grasp their characteristics of living environment on the residential estates. Finally, the residential estates are classified into 6 groups based on the principal component score using the cluster analysis and several improvements of each group for sustainable residential estates are suggested.