神宮徴古館•農業館に関する一考察

摘要

Jingu Choko-kan in Ise City is a historical museum, while JIngu Nogyo-kan is a museum that contains the agriculture-related materials. These museum were put in place together at Kuratayama by the Shin'en Board (Shin'en-kai), designed by Tokuma Katayama who was one of leading architects in Meiji Era. This research is on the plan and construction processes of these two museums, by means of analyses of historical documents and drawings investigated on site and in the Jingu Archives. Jingu Choko-kan had been planned from the outset of the Shin'en Board itself, but it took a long time for the actual construction because its cost was estimated too much. This study clarified Jingu Choko-kan had some plans in the process, and a fact that Tokuma Katayama was actually responsible for the design of Jingu Nogyo-kan became definite by the discovery of drawings with Tokuma' stamps. Moreover, it also became evident his efforts were especially put on the structural metal members and the shape of its central hall.%幕末から明治にかけて日本は近代化を行うこととなり、様々な用途の建築が日本にも誕生した。近世には存在しなかつた工場•鉄道•博物館等、産業施設から文化施設まで幅広く、建築にも急速に西洋化の波が押し寄せる原因となった。西洋化に応えるために明治政府は欧州の技術者たちを日本に招き、日本人に西洋の技術を教えさせたのである。建築分野ではジョサイァ•コンドル(1852~1920)が最も日本に影響を与え、後の第一世代と呼ばれる、辰野金吾•片山東熊•曽鑭達蔵•佐立七次郎の4人を工部大学校にて育てる。