Evaluation of Toluidine Blue O Staining for the Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jiroveci in Expectorated Sputum Sample and Bronchoalveolar Lavage from HIV-infected Patients in a Tertiary Care Referral Center in Ethiopia

摘要

Background: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is becoming increasingly recognized in sub-Saharan Africa. The currently recommended diagnostic methods using induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) are neither technically feasible nor affordable for a wider clinical use in developing countries. Therefore, there is a need for a simple and affordable diagnostic test.