Until the mid 20th century, the religious landscape of the village areas in Bima - the easternmost regency on the island of Sumbawa - was an amalgam of Islamic and pre-Islamic beliefs and ritual practices that anthropologists usually subsume under the notion of syncretism. From the 1960s onwards such ideas including the belief in the existence of spiritual beings to whom humans were tied through ritual exchange, and in the presence of a spiritual essence that was considered to animate various types of âlivingâ entities including people, cultivated plants and several categories of material objects were increasingly antagonised by Islamic reformers who up to the present are trying to eradicate all local beliefs and ritual performances considered inconsistent with the âpurityâ of scripturalist Islam. This article gives a brief historical outline of the Islamisation of Bima, identifies the factors contributing to the local upsurge of reformist Islam embodied by the local Mecca pilgrims and discusses the fundamental religious changes brought about by Muhammadiyah- sponsored Islamic boarding schools.View full textDownload full textRelated var addthis_config = { ui_cobrand: "Taylor & Francis Online", services_compact: "citeulike,netvibes,twitter,technorati,delicious,linkedin,facebook,stumbleupon,digg,google,more", pubid: "ra-4dff56cd6bb1830b" }; Add to shortlist Link Permalink http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13639811003665348
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机译：直到20世纪中叶，比马（Bima）乡村地区的宗教风景-松巴瓦岛（Sumbawa）岛上最东的摄政区-是伊斯兰教和伊斯兰教之前的信仰和礼节习俗的混合物，人类学家通常将其归纳为合一观念。从1960年代开始，这样的想法包括：相信人类通过仪式交换而与之相连的精神存在的存在，以及在被认为可以使包括人在内的各种“生命”实体产生动画的精神实质的存在下，伊斯兰改革派对种植的植物和几种类别的物质对象越来越反感，他们到目前为止一直在努力消除被认为与圣经主义者“伊斯兰”的“纯洁”相抵触的所有当地信仰和仪式表现。本文简要介绍了比马（Bima）伊斯兰化的历史概况，确定了当地麦加朝圣者所体现的促成改革派伊斯兰教在当地激增的因素，并讨论了穆罕默德（Muhammadiyah）赞助的伊斯兰寄宿制学校带来的根本宗教变化。查看全文下载全文textRelated var addthis_config = {ui_cobrand：“泰勒和弗朗西斯在线”，servicescompact：“ citeulike，netvibes，twitter，technorati，delicious，linkedin，facebook，stumbleupon，digg，google，更多”，发布号：“ ra-4dff56cd6bb1830b”};添加到候选列表链接永久链接http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13639811003665348
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