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摘要

It is probable that there are both genetic and environmental risk factors for breast and/or ovarian cancer. Adequate evidence suggests that mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer, and perhaps other cancers as well (U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, 2013). Although estimates vary widely, in the general population about 5%-10% of all breast cancer and 10%-15% of ovarian cancer cases can be attributed to variation in these genes. This rate is higher in some populations and families (Fackenthal and Olopade, 2007; Ferla et al, 2007).