Before, Now, and After the Event of Terror: Situational Terror Awareness for Civilians in US Homeland Security

摘要

This article examines terror awareness as an individualized security practice that allows civilians to respond to situations of emergent terror as they occur, that is, in real time. It is a practice that targets the "time-space" (Walters in Comp Eur Polit 15(5):794-817, 2016) just before, during, and immediately after an event of terror. In recent years, the notion of "terror awareness" has gained salience in official US homeland security discourses. To protect themselves and their communities from harm and ensure an uninterrupted "way of life," citizens are routinely encouraged to be vigilant and aware to signs of potential terror as they attend to their daily affairs. They are asked to stay informed, remain alert, and be ready to respond to the incipiency of terror so that they may avert-or, at least mitigate-its potentially catastrophic and disruptive consequences. According to the authorities, this kind of habitualized threat awareness can help prevent acts of terror and strengthen community resilience. But what exactly do government and security officials mean when they speak of "terror awareness"? What does this practice of being "terror aware" entail? And how is it supposed to function as a protective mechanism against potential terror? What is its relationship to such abstract concepts as "security," "preparedness," and "resilience"? This article seeks to answer these questions. It is based on a careful reading of official and publicly available texts (press statements, policy documents, reports, training brochures, websites, etc.) about homeland security and anti-terrorism, where the notion of "awareness" finds mention and a specific understanding of it-namely as an individualized security technology-is being communicated to the wider public.