A novel anaerobic heterotrophic strain, designated strain sy52 T , was isolated from a hydrothermal chimney at Suiyo Seamount in the Pacific Ocean. A 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that the strain belonged to the family Petrotogaceae in the phylum Thermotogae . The strain was mesophilic with optimum growth at 48°C and the phylum primarily comprised hyperthermophiles and thermophiles. Strain sy52 T possessed unique genomic characteristics, such as an extremely low G C content and 6 copies of rRNA operons. Genomic analyses of strain sy52 T revealed that amino acid usage in the predicted proteins resulted from adjustments to mesophilic environments. Genomic features also indicated independent adaptions to the mesophilic environment of strain sy52 T and Mesotoga species, which belong to the mesophilic lineage in the phylum Thermotogae . Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, strain sy52 T is considered to represent a novel genus and species in the family Petrotogaceae with the proposed name Tepiditoga spiralis gen. nov., sp. nov.
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