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Using CloudSat‐CPR Retrievals to Estimate Snow Accumulation in the Canadian Arctic

机译:使用CloudSat-CPR检索来估算加拿大北极的积雪积累

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Snow is a critical contributor to our global water and energy budget, with profound impacts for water resource availability and flooding in cold regions. The vast size and remote nature of the Arctic present serious logistical and financial challenges to measuring snow over extended time periods. Satellite observations provided by the Cloud Profiling Radar instrument—installed on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration satellite CloudSat—allow the retrieval of snowfall rates in high‐latitude regions, which have been used to estimate surface snow accumulation. In this study, a validation of CloudSat‐derived terrestrial snow estimates is presented at four Environment and Climate Change Canada weather stations situated in the Arctic for the common period 2007–2015. Comparisons of monthly climatological snow accumulation show mean biases of less than 1.5‐mm snow water equivalent annually. Monthly time series exhibit correlations above 0.5 and root‐mean‐square error below 10‐mm snow water equivalent at the two highest‐latitude stations (Eureka and Resolute Bay) with correlations falling below 0.5 south of 70°N. CloudSat was also found to underestimate annual mean snow accumulation at the majority of sites, suggesting a potential negative bias in CloudSat's accumulation estimates, or underestimation related to sampling. These results imply that CloudSat can provide reliable estimates of snow accumulation across similar high‐latitude regions above 70°N.
机译:雪是我们全球水和能源预算的重要贡献者,对寒冷地区的水资源可用性和洪水充满了深远的影响。北极的巨大尺寸和远程性质对延长的时间段来衡量雪的严重后勤和财务挑战。卫星观测由云分析雷达仪器安装 - 安装在美国国家航空航天局卫星Cloudsat上 - 允许在高纬度地区检索降雪率,这些降雪率已被用于估算表面雪积累。在这项研究中,在CloudSat衍生的陆地雪估计的验证是在北极的四个环境和气候变化中,为2007 - 2015年的常见期间。每月气候雪积累的比较显示每年小于1.5毫米的雪水的平均偏差。每月时间序列表现出高于0.5的相关性,并在两个最高纬度站(Eureka和Soldute Bay)的10毫米的雪水低于10毫米的雪水中的相关性,相关性低于0.5南至70°N。 Cloudsat还发现,在大多数网站上低估了年平均雪积累,暗示Cloudsat积累估算中的潜在负面偏见,或低估与抽样有关。这些结果意味着Cloudsat可以在70°N以上的类似高纬度区域提供可靠的积雪累积估计。

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