Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among General People Residing in Nepalgunj, Banke, Nepal

摘要

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of disorders of heart and blood vessels. It is the leading cause of death globally. With the growing epidemic of Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Nepal, population knowledge and attitude regarding CVD is important for any such interventions. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding risk factors of cardiovascular disease among general people residing in Nepalgunj, Banke; Nepal. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted and 150 respondents were selected using non-probability convenience sampling technique. The descriptive analysis was performed using frequencies, percentage, mean ± SD. Multinomial logistic regression (MNLR) model was used to identify the statistically significant factors associated with knowledge and attitude. Results: Of total 150 subjects, mean age was 35.73±10.83 years, ranging from 20 to 60 years. Overall, 35(23.3%), 61(40.7%) and 54 (36.0%) of the respondents respectively had good, average and poor knowledge. Likewise, 77(51.3%) respondents had unfavourable, 54 (36.0%) neutral and 19 (12.7%) favourable attitude towards risk factors of CVD. MNLR analysis revealed that education and profession were significant predictor variables in association with the level of CVD knowledge: illiterates were 80.5% less likely (AOR = 0.195, 95% CI: 0.074 – 0514, P = 0.001 < 0.05) to have average knowledge and 67% less likely (AOR = 0.330, 95% CI: 0.117–0.929, P = 0.036 < 0.05) to have good knowledge about risk factors of CVD compared with literates relative to poor knowledge; participants having government jobs were 10.389 times more likely (AOR = 10.389, 95% CI: 2.015–53.560, P = 0.005 < 0.05) to have average knowledge and 12.673 times more likely (AOR = 12.673, 95% CI: 1.475–108.884, P = 0.021 < 0.05) to have good knowledge compared to those participants involving agriculture as reference to poor knowledge. Gender and education were significant predictor variables in association with the level of CVD attitude category; males were 69.9% less likely (AOR = 0.301, 95% CI: 0.140–0.648, P = 0.002 < 0.05) to have unfavourable attitude in comparison to female over neutral attitude and illiterates were 4.158 times more likely (AOR = 4.158, 95% CI: 1.707–10.128, P = 0.002< 0.05) to have unfavourable attitude more than literates relative to neutral attitude. Conclusion: The findings of the study conclude that, even though the knowledge was adequate, the attitude was unfavourable towards risk factors of CVD among general people. Thus, health education needs to be provided about risk factors of CVD in order to increase knowledge among illiterate groups as well as participants involving in agriculture, and to improve attitude among male participants and groups involving in agriculture as well. For this, health working sectors under government body should make planning, and implement of promoting and intervening majors against all risk factors of CVD to reduce its future burden in general people of Nepal from the organizations of various health awareness campaigns.