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Effects of balance training on balance performance in youth: role of training difficulty

机译:平衡培训对青年平衡绩效的影响:训练难度的作用

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Cross-sectional studies have shown that balance performance can be challenged by the level of task difficulty (e.g., varying stance conditions, sensory manipulations). However, it remains unclear whether the application of different levels of task difficulty during balance training (BT) leads to altered adaptations in balance performance. Thus, we examined the effects of BT conducted under a high versus a low level of task difficulty on balance performance. Forty male adolescents were randomly assigned to a BT program using a low (BT-low: n?=?20; age: 12.4?±?2.0?yrs) or a high (BT-high: n?=?20; age: 12.5?±?2.5?yrs) level of balance task difficulty. Both groups trained for 7 weeks (2 sessions/week, 30–35?min each). Pre- and post-training assessments included measures of static (one-legged stance [OLS] time), dynamic (10-m gait velocity), and proactive (Y-Balance Test [YBT] reach distance, Functional Reach Test [FRT]; Timed-Up-and-Go Test [TUG]) balance. Significant main effects of Test (i.e., pre- to post-test improvements) were observed for all but one balance measure (i.e., 10-m gait velocity). Additionally, a Test x Group interaction was detected for the FRT in favor of the BT-high group (Δ?+?8%, p??0.001, d?=?0.35). Further, tendencies toward significant Test x Group interactions were found for the YBT anterior reach (in favor of BT-high: Δ?+?9%, p??0.001, d?=?0.60) and for the OLS with eyes opened and on firm surface (in favor of BT-low: Δ?+?31%, p?=?0.003, d?=?0.67). Following 7 weeks of BT, enhancements in measures of static, dynamic, and proactive balance were observed in the BT-high and BT-low groups. However, BT-high appears to be more effective for increasing measures of proactive balance, whereas BT-low seems to be more effective for improving proxies of static balance. Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN83638708 (Retrospectively registered 19th June, 2020).
机译:横截面研究表明,通过任务难度的水平(例如,不同的姿势条件,感官操纵)可以挑战平衡性能。但是,仍然尚不清楚在平衡培训期间应用不同水平的任务困难(BT)是否导致平衡表现的改变改编。因此,我们研究了BT在高度与平衡绩效上的低水平难度下进行的BT的影响。使用低(BT-LOW:N?20;年龄:12.4?±2. 2.0?YRS)或高(BT-HIGH:N?= 20;年龄: 12.5?±2.5​​?YRS)平衡任务难度。这两个团体培训了7周(2个课程/周,每周30-35次)。培训前和训练后的评估包括静态(单腿姿势[OLS]时间),动态(步态步态速度)和主动(Y平衡测试[YBT]到达距离,功能达到测试[FRT] ;定时上升和去测试[Tug])余额。除了一个平衡措施(即10-M步态速度)的所有情况下,观察到测试(即,测试前改进)的显着主要影响。另外,检测测试X组相互作用,以便FRT支持BT-HIGH组(Δ+→8%,p≤0.001,d?= 0.35)。此外,发现对YBT前达(有利于BT-HIGH:Δ+Δ9%,P≤0.0)和眼睛的OLS打开的OLS开启了趋势前达到X组相互作用的趋势在坚固的表面上(有利于BT-LOW:δ?+?31%,P?= 0.003,D?= 0.67)。在BT 7周后,在BT-HIGH和BT-LOW组中观察到静态,动态和主动平衡测量的增强。然而,BT-Nigh似乎更有效地增加了积极平衡的措施,而BT-Low似乎对改善静态平衡的代理更有效。目前对照试验ISRCTN83638708(回顾性注册2020年6月19日)。

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