Predictive models have become important tools for examiningthe way that systems are likely to react to environmental and policychanges while exploring uncertainties. Even considering the limits oftheir predictability (mostly because of data availability, and incapacityof anticipating unforeseeable events), foresight approaches becamea very useful tool to increase the knowledge, engage stakeholdersand create anticipatory intelligence. Therefore, they are increasinglybeing used to study the possible effects of human actions on Earth,its biodiversity and associated ecosystem services. Such models aretypically based on a set of assumptions, so-called scenarios, whichprovide an approach for exploring how plausible alternative futures mayunfold and comparing the potential consequences of different decisionsin different future contexts.
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