Following a Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Compared to Reduced Calorie, High Carbohydrate Diet as a Nutritional Intervention in Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review

摘要

There is evidence supporting individuals with type 2 diabetes benefit from lifestyle changes through a nutrition intervention that improves diabetic (blood glucose and HgbA1c) and cardiovascular (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) biomarkers.The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate if patients with type 2 diabetes following a low carbohydrate, high fat eating pattern is more effective than following a reduced caloric, high carbohydrate eating pattern in the improvement of diabetic (blood glucose and HgbA1c) and cardiovascular (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) biomarkers.A literature search was conducted on peer-reviewed research trials registered in PubMed, from January 2007 to September 2019 using combinations of the search terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 AND Diet, Ketogenic; OR Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted.The literature was analyzed in chronological order; grouping in four year increments from 2007 to 2019.The thirty-six articles reviewed provide evidence to support the use of a low carbohydrate diet in patients with type 2 diabetes versus a reduced caloric diet.This systematic review highlighted diabetic (HgbA1c and fasting blood glucose) and cardiovascular biomarkers (HDL) of type 2 diabetic patients improve significantly when following a low-carbohydrate, high fat diet versus a reduced calorie, high carbohydrate intake.