Annual advances of Chinese minority traditional medicine in 2019

摘要

Traditionality CMTM is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine. It exhibits characteristics of nationality, region, and tradition. Tibetan medicine first appeared around 500 B.C.E. At the end of the 8th century C.E., the development of “ Si Bu Yi Dian ( Four Medical Tantras )” by the Tibetan medicine scientist Yutuo Ningma Yundan Gongbu provided a theoretical foundation for Tibetan medicine. Before the 7th century C.E., Mongolian medicine was in its infancy. In the 16th century C.E., Mongolian medicine assimilated several classical medical theories and useful experiences from Tibetan, Han, and other nationalities. This eventually leads to the development of a Mongolian medical theory system with Mongolian characteristics. Uyghur medicine has arduously developed over a period of more than 2,500 years. The origin of Uyghur medicine traces back to the ancient Neolithic period in the Western Regions. At the beginning of the 12th century, the Uyghur medicine scientist Alaodin Mohanmude Hetianni wrote the “ Zubdatul Kawanil Ilaj ( Zhi Liao Jing Hua , Healing Essences )” and “ TibbiFitki ( Fa Yi, Forensics )”. The copy of this handwritten work is circulating to this day. Abstract Traditional medicine systems practiced by various ethnic minorities represent an important part of traditional Chinese medicine. The past 12 months have witnessed extensive research pertaining to different Chinese minority traditional medicine (CMTM). The annual CMTM review evaluates research published during 2019 in different CMTM including Tibetan medicine, Uyghur medicine, Mongolian medicine, Korean medicine and Zhuang medicine. Research in the field of Tibetan medicine focused on pharmacology, pharmacy, plant sciences, medicinal chemistry and integrated complementary medicine and the top three countries were China, USA and India. Research in Uyghur medicine mainly pertained to chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacy, and food science technology and the publications were mainly from China. Research in Mongolian medicine mainly pertained to pharmacology, pharmacy, analytical chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology and experimental research; the publications were mainly from China and Mongolia. In short, research related to traditional medicine of various ethnic minorities was mainly conducted in China and the neighboring countries. The research focus for each minority medicine is essentially on the effects and mechanisms of action of the active ingredients of the ethnodrugs and the special prescriptions or therapies. The generated evidence will facilitate further developments in this field.