Techniques of Shifting Part of Speech in Biological English (ESP) Literature Translation

摘要

Part of speech is a core concept of the traditional English grammar. The use of different kinds of parts of speech has strict rules. Because of the differences between source language and target language, simply translate mechanically will cause great negative impact on translation work, especially in literary translation. Therefore, we should jump out of the bondage of the original part of speech and shift the part of speech flexibly in order to achieve a vivid translation effect. Parts of speech shift are also called zero inflectional changes, or functional transformation. In contemporary English, parts of speech shift method are the most common means of word formation and very active grammatical rhetorical methods. As a language phenomenon, the shift of parts of speech is not only extremely common in literature translation work, but also very important as a way of word formation in biological and scientific work translation. However, parts of speech shift are not only a way of word-formation in traditional English grammar. This article will combine the emergence and development of cognitive linguistics to discuss the part of speech shift mechanism and skills from the perspective of human cognitive ability, and concludes several useful methods in contemporary translation work of biological papers.