THE DIPLOMATIC BYZANTINE CEREMONIAL DURING THE PERIOD OF THE FIRST FOUR CRUSADES (1095-1204)

摘要

THE PERIOD OF THE FIRST FOUR CRUSADES CONTRIBUTED TO THE REDISCOVERY OF THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE BY THE EUROPEAN NATIONS AND INCREASED THE ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL CONTACTS BETWEEN THE WEST AND THE EAST. IN THIS CONTEXT, THE DIPLOMATIC BYZANTINE CEREMONIAL IS ONE OF THE REFERENCE FRAMES OF THE CULTURAL-IDEOLOGICAL ENCOUNTER BETWEEN THE TWO CHRISTIANS WORLDS. AS FULL EXPRESSION OF THE IMPERIAL IDEOLOGY, THE PROTOCOL REPRESENTS AN INDICATOR OF THE CULTURAL DIVERSITY BETWEEN GREEKS AND LATINS, AS WELL AS A MANNER OF LEGITIMATION AND ASSERTION OF CONSTANTINE THE GREAT’S SUCCESSORS CLAIMS OF UNIVERSAL HEGEMONY IN FRONT OF FOREIGN NATIONS. THIS STUDY AIMS TO ANALYZE THE COMPONENTS OF IMPERIAL CEREMONIAL AND HOW THIS CONTRIBUTED TO THE PERFORMANCE OF DIPLOMATIC EXCHANGES BETWEEN THE WEST AND THE EAST IN THE PERIOD OF THE HOLY WARS.