Fostering anticipatory humanitarian actions for heatwaves in Hanoi through forecast-based financing

摘要

Vietnam is located in one of the most hazard-prone areas in the AsiaPacific Region, and is one of the five countries in the world potentiallymost affected by climate change (Dasgupta et al., 2007; World Banket al., 2011). In Hanoi, the second largest city of Vietnam with 7.6million inhabitants and an urbanization rate above 2.4% per year,temperature has risen in recent years, resulting from urbanization andclimate change (Tam and Nga, 2018; Thuc et al., 2016; Trihamdaniet al., 2017). During the past 40 years, the number of days with maximum temperatures exceeding 35 °C increased with a rate of 2 to 3 daysper decade whereby 175 days were observed above 35 °C from 2008 to2012 (Thuc et al., 2016; Trang et al., 2016). Heatwave is a high impactweather event that can cause major loss of life, negatively affects healthand well-being, and reduces productivity (Kjellstrom, 2015). In Hanoi,heatwave events are associated with a 20.0% increase in hospital admissions for all causes and 45.9% for respiratory diseases (Phung et al.,2017).