The globalization of the world's cultural processes, mass migration and interpenetration of differentlanguages and cultures (multiculturalism), the emergence of global computer networks - these factors have givenparticular weight to study the processes and mechanisms of mastering a foreign language. This greatly expandedthe understanding of the areas of knowledge and research interests which overlap with psycholinguistics. Thisscience is rapidly developing. The term "psycholinguistics" entered the academic community since 1954, afterpublishing CH. Osgood and T. Sebeka’s article in the USA. But the ideas that a re close to the problems ofpsycholinguistics, emerged and developed much earlier. It can be assumed that the psycholinguistic perspectiveof language learning actually existed long before the term "psycholinguistics “coined by a group of Americanscientists. Since the late 1970s, the problems of psycholinguistics were influenced by the state of affairs inlinguistics and related sciences. This is primarily a complex of sciences about the nature and dynamics ofcognitive processes. For most American and English-speaking psycholinguists N. Chomsky’s theory ofgenerative grammar as a reference to the language science is the most influential. They try to verify the extent ofpsychological hypotheses based on Chomsky's theory corresponding to the observed behavior. From thisperspective, some authors consider the child's speech, the other - the role of language in social interactions, andothers - the relationship of language and cognitive processes. Developed on the different basis, psycholinguisticshas acquired his interest in the person as a native speaker and a tendency to regard language as a dynamic systemof speech (verbal behavior). According to many scholars psycholinguistics has not yet become a science withclearly defined boundaries. Psycholinguistics is initially focused on the study of real processes of speaking andunderstanding "human language". The variety of language functions in society and its close ties with humanmental activity makes interaction of linguistics and the relevant social and psychological sciences very flexible.Application tasks were the factors to separate psycholinguistics as an independent research area.Psycholinguistics should not be regarded as a kind of linguistics or psychology. This is a complex science thatrelates to linguistics and psychology as well. Psycholinguistics primarily inherited their methods of investigationfrom psychology. Experimenting, method of linguistic experiments, observation and self-observation arefrequently used as methods of Psycholinguistics investigation. The main trends in the development of modernlinguistics are quite comparable with psycholinguistics trends. The concept of language has been changed. Earlierin the center of linguists’ interest were linguistic resources (phonetic, grammatical, lexical), now it is clearlyrecognized that all of these language features are only formal tools in the process of communication. Thus,concepts of linguistics are increasingly becoming major.
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