Oral Glucose before Venepuncture Relieves Neonates of Pain, but Stress Is Still Evidenced by Increase in Oxygen Consumption, Energy Expenditure, and Heart Rate

摘要

Oral glucose was recommended as pain therapy during venepuncture in neonates. It is unclear whether this intervention reduces excess oxygen consumption (V˙o2), energy loss, or cardiovascular destabilization associated with venepuncture, and whether 2, EE (indirect calorimetry), and heart rate were measured. The 2 mL glucose solution reduced pain score and crying after venepuncture compared with controls [median pain score, 5.5 (interquartile range, 4–9) versus 11 (7–12), p = 0.01; median duration of first cry, 0 s (0–43 s) versus 13 s (2–47 s), p 2 increase during venepuncture (1.5 ± 0.2 mL/kg min (water) versus 1.7 ± 0.5 (0.4 mL glucose) versus 1.1 ± 0.2 (2 mL glucose) (mean ± SEM) nor EE nor heart rate. We conclude that oral administration of 2 mL glucose 30% before venepuncture reduced pain expression and crying, but did not prevent the rise in V˙o2, EE, or heart rate. Alternative therapies against the stress of nonpainful handling during venepuncture should be explored.Abbreviations: PIPP, Premature Infant Pain Profile; V˙EMPHxTYPE=″SMALL-CAPS″o2, oxygen consumption; V˙EMPHxTYPE=″SMALL-CAPS″co2, carbon dioxide production; EE, energy expenditure