Analysis and evaluation of risks in underground mining using the decision matrix risk-assessment (DMRA) technique, in Guanajuato, Mexico

摘要

In this article special emphasis is placed on the importance of underground mining worldwide, in the Country of Mexico and in the State of Guanajuato, thereby generating the hiring of operational personnel to perform the main activities of this sector such as blasting, use of machinery and equipment, exploitation, fortification and amacize. Occupational accidents and diseases occur as a result of the aforementioned activities since the conditions in which workers work are not the most appropriate. To help improve working conditions, the decision matrix risk-assessment (DMRA) technique was applied, in which accidents are classified according to their severity and probability, in order to perform an assessment of the risks and identify the activities that should continue in the same manner, those that require control measures and, as a last resort, those activities that must stop. At the end of the study, corrective actions are proposed that can help to avoid the occurrence of the accidents presented, through the application of occupational safety and health regulations issued by the Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, which is a government entity that is responsible for both the issuing of and compliance with those regulations. Also establishes the obligations that must be documented according to rules that are applicable to mining activities.