Anti-inflammatory, insecticidal and antimicrobial activities and chemical composition of the essential oils of different plant organs from navel orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck var. Malesy) grown in Egypt

摘要

Comparative study of the essential oils isolated from fruit peel, leaf and flowers of navel orange (Citrus sinensis?(L.) Osbeck var. malesy) was carried out using gas liquid chromatography (GLC) and gas liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (GLC/MS). A total of two hundred components were identified and quantified. The major component in the ripe and unripe fruit peel oils was limonene with 80.14 and 80.93%, respectively. In the leaf oil, terpinen-4-ol was the prominent compound (14.1%). The hydrodistilled oil and hexane-ether extract of the flower afforded 92 and 34 identified components, respectively. Sabinene followed by limonene were represented in higher amount in both flower hydrodistilled oil and its hexane-ether extract. Navel orange?var. malesy volatile components exhibited high anti-inflammatory activity represented by its effect on tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide. They also showed significant insecticidal activity against the common home mosquito larvae and substantial antimicrobial effect against most common, Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and some fungi.