Antibacterial and antimutagenic activity of extracts aboveground parts of three Solidago species: Solidago virgaurea L., Solidago canadensis L. and Solidago gigantea Ait.

摘要

Hexane and ethanolic extracts obtained from aboveground parts of three Solidago species (Solidago?virgaurea?L.,?Solidago?canadensis?L. and?Solidago?gigantea?Ait.) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty nine and forty nine volatile compounds were detected, respectively in?ethanolic and hexane extracts of?S. virgaurea, sixty two and forty six in?S. canadensis?extracts, respectively and seventy three and forty five compounds in the ethanolic and hexane extracts of?S. gigantea.?Moreover, evaluation of the content of total secondary metabolites (flavonoides, o-dihydroxyphenols) was made. It was found that?both?ethanolic?and?hexane?extracts?showed an antibacterial activity and?actedstrongly?to?Gram-positive (Staphyllococcus aureus,?Staphyllococcus faecalis?and?Bacillus subtilis)?than?Gram-negative (Escherichia coli,?Klebsiella pneumoniae,?Pseudomonas aeruginosa)?bacteria.?Hexane extract?of?S.?canadensis?acted the strongest?of?Gram-positivebacteria?(minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values: 5 to 10?mg/ml),?while?the otherhexane?extracts?showed rather?weak?effect?(MIC values:?100?and > 100?mg/ml).?In the?case of?ethanolic?extracts?relatively strong?activity?against?Gram-positive bacteria?were found in?S.gigantea?and?S. canadensis?(MIC values: from 10 to 50?mg/ml). In general, alcohol extracts had slightly stronger antibacterial properties compared with lipophilic ones. However,?hexaneextracts?of the?S.?virgaurea,?S.?canadensis?and?S.?gigantea?herb exhibited?antimutagenicactivity (at?a?concentration of?2.5?mg/ml), whereas ethanolic extracts,?in the?applied?range of concentrations,?did not show?antimutagenic?activity.